Suspected Citrus Pulp Toxicosis in Dairy Cattle

Identification of T-2 toxin in moldy corn associated with a lethal toxicosis in dairy cattle.

Over a 5-month period during the winter of 1970-71, 20% of the lactating Holstein cows in a Wisconsin dairy herd died after prolonged ingestion of a diet containing 60% moldy corn infested with Fusarium tricinctum (2 x 10(5) propagules per g of moldy corn). Ethyl acetate extracts of the ground dried corn induced severe dermal reactions when applied to the skin of shaved 60-g albino rats and kil...

Citrus Pulp in Formulated Diets

Most of the citrus fruits grown worldwide are oranges of various varieties. More than half of these are processed and have their juice extracted. The resultant wet citrus waste has been used for over 60 years as a source of feed for livestock. Most citrus pulp is now dried for convenience of storage and transport prior to feeding to ruminant livestock. Brazil and the U.S.A. are the largest expo...

Sodium fluoride/copper naphthenate toxicosis in cattle.

Fourteen cattle on a Kansas pasture died from ingestion of a wood preservative compound containing sodium fluoride and copper naphthenate. Clinical signs included depression, anorexia, ataxia, diarrhea, and recumbency. Grossly visible lesions included perirenal edema, pale kidneys, and forestomach ulceration. All 3 cows that had postmortem evaluations had extensive renal cortical tubular necros...

Milk Production, Milk Fatty Acid Profiles and Blood Metabolites in Holstein Dairy Cows Fed Diets Based on Dried Citrus Pulp

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of substitution of corn grain with dried citrus pulp (DCP) on milk composition, fatty acids profiles and blood metabolites in Holstein dairy cows. These parameters were measured in a replicated 4 × 4 latin square design experiment using eight Holstein cows. Each experimental period lasted 4 weeks. The four treatments were: control (...

Neosporosis in dairy cattle.